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An organic compound isomers of propanol, methanol, methyl alcohol 2- alias two, IPA also in the industry. It is [1] .Colorless transparent liquid, like ethanol and acetone The smell of the mixture. Soluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether ,benzene , chloroform Most of the organic solvents such as. Isopropyl alcohol is an important chemical raw materials and products. Mainly used in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, Plastic , spice , coating etc.
Chinese name:Isopropanol
English name:Iso-Propyl alcohol; isopropanol; Dimethylcarbinol; 2-PropanolReferred to as EnglishIPA
Molecular formula:C3H8O (CH3 2CHOH);
molecular weight:Sixty point zero six
No. CAS:67-63-0
No. MDL:MFCD00011674
No. EINECS:200-661-7
No. RTECS:NT8050000
No. BRN:Six hundred and thirty-five thousand six hundred and thirty-nine
No. PubChem:Twenty-four million eight hundred and ninety-six thousand one hundred and fifty-eight
No. SMILES:CC (O) C
melting point:-88.5C
boiling point:82.45C
density:Zero point seven eight five five
Character: colorless flammable liquid with ethanol odor.
Boiling point (ATM, C, 101.3kPa): 82.45 [2]
The melting point (ATM, c): -87.9
The relative density (g/mL, 20C, ATM): 0.7863
The relative density of steam (g/mL, air =1): 2.1
Viscosity (mPa - s, ATM; C): 2.431
Flash point (ATM; c): 12
Ignition (ATM; c): 460
The heat of vaporization (KJ/mol): 40.06
Melting heat (KJ/kg): 88.26
The heat of combustion (KJ/mol): 1984.7
The heat of formation (KJ/mol): 2005.1
The specific heat (KJ/ (kg - K), ATM constant pressure; c): 2.55
The critical temperature (ATM; c): 234.9
The critical pressure (MPa): 4.764
Electrical conductivity (S/m): 35.1 x 10-7
Thermal conductivity (W/ (M - K), ATM; c): 15.49
Vapor pressure (kPa, ATM; c): 4.32
The explosion limit (%, V/V): 2
The explosion limit (%, V/V): 12
Expansion coefficient (K-1, ATM; c): 0.00107
The relative density (20 DEG, 4 DEG C): 0.7855
Room temperature index (N25): 1.3752
The critical density (G - cm-3): 0.271
The critical volume (cm3, mol-1): 222
Critical compression factor: 0.250
Eccentric factor: 0.669
The Lennard-Jones parameter (A): 15.20
The Lennard-Jones parameter (K): 135.4
The solubility parameters (J, cm-3) 0.5:23.575
The van der Waals area (cm2 - mol-1): 6.270 x 109
Van der Waals (cm3 mol-1): Volume 42.160
Gas phase standard combustion heat (enthalpy) (kJ - mol-1):2051.42
The gas phase standard heat (enthalpy) (kJ - mol-1):-272.42
Gas phase standard entropy (J mol-1 K-1):309.20
The gas phase standard free energy of formation (kJ mol-1):-173.6
Gas phase standard (J - mol-1 - K-1 -:89.32)
Liquid phase standard combustion heat (enthalpy) (kJ - mol-1):-2005.98
Liquid standard heat (enthalpy) (kJ - mol-1):-317.86
Liquid standard entropy (J mol-1 K-1):180.58
Liquid standard free energy of formation (kJ mol-1):-180.29
Liquid standard hot melt (J mol-1 K-1):154.4
Colorless transparent liquid, like ethanol and acetone blend
The smell of alcohol and ether, chloroform and water miscible, can dissolve the alkaloids, rubber, shellac, rosin, synthetic resin and other organic and some inorganic compounds, and the formation of water Azeotropic Material, insoluble Salt solution . Can fire at room temperature, the steam Easy to form mixed with air blast Mixture.
Isopropanol is easy to produce peroxides, before use may be required for identification. The method is: take 0.5mL isopropyl alcohol, adding dilute hydrochloric acid 1mL10% potassium iodide solution and 0.5mL1:5 and a few drops of starch solution, shake for 1 minutes, if blue or black is proof of peroxide. Similar to ethanol, propanol, but Secondary alcohol The characteristics of.
propylene To get the reaction of sulfuric acid with isopropyl hydrogen sulfate, which hydrolyzed into isopropanol.
Process: gas containing more than 50% of the raw material into the absorption tower, concentrated sulfuric acid at 50 DEG C and low pressure with 75%-85% absorption reaction, generating isopropyl hydrogen sulfate. The water absorption liquid to be diluted to sulfate content was 35%, the desorption tower with low pressure steam will isopropyl hydrogen sulfatehydrolysis Into isopropanol. The crude distillation column to the distillation of isopropanol and water Azeotropic Composition, containing about 87% isopropanol. Continue to use the 95% concentrated distillation column for separation of water vapor, benzene extraction, after distillation, isopropanol can containing more than 99% product.
The method is characterized in propylene The purity is not high, and the propylene conversion rate of up to 50%-60%, can reduce the cost of refining. But the consumption of large amount of concentrated sulfuric acid, waste sulfuric acid and corrosion of the equipment problems and 40% of the.
Propylene and water in catalyzer The presence of heating and pressurizing Hydration reaction .
Propylene and water were pressurized to 1.96MPa, and heated to 200 DEG C, into the reactor after mixing for Hydration reaction . in the reactor with diatomite phosphate catalyst or tungsten catalyst, the reaction temperature is 95 DEG C, the pressure is 0.96MPa, the mole ratio of water and propylene to propylene 0.7:1, one-way conversion rate is 5.2%, the selectivity is 99%. The reaction gas neutralization heat to high pressure and high pressure separator cooler, Gas phaseIsopropanol with deionized water spray recovery in the recovery tower, unreacted gas through the circulating compressor pressure after recycling (keep the propylene content in the circulatory system 85%). The liquid phase is low concentration of isopropanol (15%-17%), the isopropyl alcohol distillation tower crude steam 85%-87% water solution, followed by distillation tower evaporated to 95%, and then extracted with benzene concentration to more than 99%.
Compared with the method of sulfuric acid hydration of propylene, not sulfuric acid, there is no equipment corrosion problem, the process is simple; but the one-way propylene conversion rate, propylene cycle is too big, but
Propylene purity of 99.5%. In order to overcome propylene The method of direct hydration disadvantage, with 95% of the propylene as raw materials, reaction temperature 240-270, reaction pressure 14.7-19.6MPa, Moore water and propylene for excess water. propylene Conversion rate 60%-70%, isopropanolselectivity 99%, propylene distillation system after more than 99.9% purity, by-product Two isopropyl ether . In addition, using molecular sieve catalyst propylene Improvement of process for the hydration of isopropanol is very promising.
With industrial isopropyl alcohol as raw material, by the removal of water, distilled two times, can be pure.
The method for 2005 after the rise, mainly due to the excess of acetone, acetone and isopropanol (one of the consumer price upside down use isopropanol dehydrogenation is traditionally acetone).
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